As the tax season for the 2024/2025 filing period closed last month, numerous taxpayers found themselves stressed over the sizeable payments made to the IRS. Tax season is inherently stressful, especially when you’re barely managing to cover what you owe. Even for those who can comfortably pay their taxes, the goal often remains to minimize tax obligations as much as legally possible. Thankfully, there are several legal strategies to reduce your tax burden.
Understanding the Pay-As-You-Earn Tax System
For the majority, taxes are incrementally paid to the IRS throughout the year, culminating with the final filing at the year’s end. This system helps avoid the burden of a lump sum payment. Particularly for self-employed individuals, failing to set aside funds regularly can lead to large year-end tax liabilities. To prevent this, the IRS mandates that self-employed people make estimated tax payments quarterly.
Most Americans have their taxes deducted directly from their wages, pensions, or federal payments. To sidestep penalties for underpayment, the IRS advises paying at least 90% of your tax obligation during the year. Any overpayment can subsequently be reclaimed after filing your tax returns.
Strategies to Reduce Your IRS Tax Bill
It’s natural to want to limit tax liabilities. The IRS clearly states on their website that while paying taxes is both a societal obligation and a legal requirement, it’s generally viewed as an unwelcome expense. There are, however, several methods to legally reduce your tax bill and enhance your disposable income.
A couple of effective strategies include:
- Contributing to an Individual Retirement Account (IRA)
- Declaring a capital loss on assets
Contributions to traditional IRAs may be deductible from your taxable income in the year they are made, subject to IRS rules. If neither you nor your spouse is enrolled in a workplace retirement plan, you might deduct the full amount of your IRA contribution. However, if you or your spouse are covered by a retirement plan at work, your deduction could be limited based on your adjusted gross income.
How Managing Assets Can Influence Your Taxes
Asset management can significantly impact your tax liabilities. For instance, capital losses from investments, such as stocks, can be used to offset capital gains, but you must sell the asset at a loss to realize this benefit. This process is known as “realizing” a loss.
Beyond capital losses, business owners can reduce taxable income by deducting legitimate business expenses necessary to maintain operations. One approach is to aggregate expenses towards the end of the fiscal year. This could include paying out bonuses to employees or making large purchases for business necessities in December.
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Calvin Baxter is an economic analyst specializing in the evolving US labor market. He leverages real data to provide you with concrete recommendations and help you adjust your professional strategies.